Arte Therapy- Article as appears the community project hope and its vision of art therapy
The article that it is proposed to our readers, it is an attempt to get closer to the knowledge of the treatments, experiences and will that can exist in a team of professionals of culture, are these plastic artists, dancers, musicians, and on the other hand health representatives that jointly can intervene directly in the Diagnostics, rehabilitation, and therapies of a large group, children and youth with neurodevelopmental disorders combining efforts to improve the quality of life of children and young people who are our likely attention of art therapy.
One of our towns in the country-Cárdenas - killings-Cuba, there was this willingness to unite wills for this important segment, extended to their families or guardians, where materialize dreams, such as address and satisfy the interests of children and young people to understand the culture of the plastic arts, use the free time of them, in a creative work and social utilitywith modest resources and immense will and heart.
This introduction to the topic, which is not intended to constitute as a literary work, only constitutes a unique testimony to the fortitude of a singular created task force, to children and young people affected or not, to our community neurodevelopmental disorders. We went because our experience and developed actions, which in the beginning of this process in the years 2006-2007, was only a vision, a dream.
Facilitate the rapprochement of the plastic arts to children and youth, we currently believe, modestly even are not integrated or improved to the maximum of their potential many fruits are to collect and many resources to exploit this relationship Arts plásticas-sociedad - health-environment ambiente-tecnología - culture. Investigations in the world respond to isolated efforts.
There is a strong international to stop at this problem, trend of insofar as it can help and can cost involving the segment of culture, in the treatment and rehabilitation of neurodevelopmental disorders, observed that in some countries the medical insurance not costean these attempts, or artista-creador, does not feel attractive in getting involved in the task under dissimilar excuses or fears. What is real is that this link is a specialty and should be addressed as such, according to each country or community in the future. Already important spaces in universities are created to prepare students in this specialty.
They move by safe roads studies and implementation of techniques and methodologies more close to diagnoses of disorders of neurodevelopment, being more tantalizing those referred to the development of the diagnostic, rehabilitation and therapeutic. Fields such as psychology, Neuro-Fisiatry, psychiatry, Neurology, Pediatrics and others are beneficiaries of these actions.
Currently notes that therapists have various origins: artists, pedagogues, teachers, social workers, psychologists, animators, and caregivers trained in artistic mediation. Everyone must have a consistent artistic experience and sense of the aid relationship to a person or infant.
Assess the importance of the principles that should guide this work among all participants, will be those which constitute reasons, commitments, attitudes, ethics, family, the community, based on knowledge of the fine arts and improve the quality of life itself.
Studies on the plasticity of the nervous system, have shown that the presence of an adequate stimulation can be achieved in the damaged nervous system reduce the functional impact of the injury.
The value of early intervention of team multi - sectoral that diagnosed and it rehabilitates, which is nothing more than early commencement of stimulation designed according to the difficulties in the course of the development of the child, has been amply demonstrated in multiple research around the world. Its base is in the training of minors per se, the parents, the family and the community.
As part of the comprehensive management of various diseases is necessary to create a space in which the family receives the information and provide the support she needs. The value of therapies for parents of children with psychological disorders and forms has been demonstrated in experiences developed in several countries. The framework was created in them to provide the families of up-to-date scientific information on the characteristics of the problem facing his son and the actions to be developed to achieve the maximum development of the child and their full social integration.
Child and more specific way the child drawing, art has been the subject of study from different approaches and concepts. The immense wealth plastic, semantic, fantastic and projective has this chart, it has been encouraging to researchers and scholar, interested in their meanings, projections and trends according to their origins and backgrounds. This plastic expression is peculiar and expressive, personal initiatives, fantasies, the application of the color or typical forms of the age, without these to coincide with reality or surrounding environment, depending on their emotional relationship with the theme facing, inter alia, of explanation to the plotting. Some of above elements also have an impact on the artistic composition of children with disorders of psychological or neurological, constituting in itself a challenge to the particularities of them and approaching them with appropriate therapy, according to diagnosis issued professionally, challenging the use of art therapy.
Scientific experience accumulated in this aspect shows that artistic education and in particular the plastic arts have a direct impact on the development of skills, increases their self-esteem, determines appropriate patterns of conduct and social behaviour, and has a positive impact on the psychological adjustment of the child and his family, provides charisma, and improves the quality of life of the child and its family.
Narrate the experience of as a group of artists from the town of Cardenas, understanding the importance afforded by the assistance of the plastic arts to the work of diagnosis and rehabilitation of infants with neurological disorders of the own town, they were voluntarily provided and defraying the costs of media and materials, to make a grain of sand to the efforts of health.
Delineated in conjunction with the médico-asistencial team work support, adapting to this, the potentialities which provided the Visual Arts. They work intensely in search, selection and setting of the informational materials that they would be needed to organize a proper, novel, experimental and appropriate to the conditions of the teaching clinic of the neurodevelopment of Cárdenas, the author of the project "esperanza" work, came to develop this plastic free activity with minors of the town since 2004, looking for bringing children closer to the plastic arts , to recreation within the community. This draft volume definitive body action in 2009.
Specialized comments:
The experience accumulated in this activity, we located in the next step, works with infants and youth with no risks, but with early effects in the central nervous system.
These patients treated with their various diagnoses could suffer insults before, during or after childbirth or even months after birth, all of this leads to damage to the central nervous system, of greater or lesser intensity.
When this damage occurs in the child who never had functions, these should enable, otherwise an adult person, who could suffer from these anomalies, these elderly are you rehabilitates, therefore working with the youth is more difficult and complex.
The teen with neurological affection, never had these, must enable them, is from the years 1990-1992, which begins to assert in the lexicon professional medical, new terminologies, such as plasticity, symbolizing as a mechanism to enable, there was a novel view of concepts, the train new areas of the brain, alternative, never before addressed areas.
The action to rehabilitate children who have major difficulties through stimulation sensorial-motora - proprioceptive, leads to prolonged practice of up to 4 and 5 hours. Only with the family and mainly this, they achieved important goals, now must be trained family also in these processes of therapies.
New directions are imposed in the processes of training of the family, so it must first and foremost, educate them, without protection of the minor, with the help of the community, without losing their ways of life, their values, among other valuable precepts.
Rehabilitate the infant or teen that they have manual difficulties is imperative to work on thick and fine motor here then the importance of the mud therapy, writing, tearing, and others that allow this child, insert with success in school. The majority view among specialists that there is no more difficult than the psychomotor rehabilitation is true. Parents or guardians sometimes are happy with the same walk, walk, but the integrity of the rehabilitation, implies, the entire set of actions, skills and potential abilities. Fully integrated to all the activities of his age and social traffic.
The art therapist is either his specialty, must always have an infant or teen motivated and interested in learning of his specialty. That child to appreciate that it is able to create, learn from these manual skills that lubricated his fantasies, dreams.
The objectives to be achieved by the process of empowerment achieves the following:
• Matricidad fine
• Attention
• Memory
• Conduct
• Modular the hipper activity
• Self-esteem
Definitions significant
The art of the rehabilitation through the arts, is the adequacy of the foundations of the plastic arts to the values, standards and commitments for the psychological treatment to infants with dissimilar neurodevelopmental effects.
As all cognitive process, needs and feeds information, joined an experience of working with children and young people, gives a basement, which we summarize as follows:
• Fine arts constitute an excellent tool of psychology,Psychiatry, Neuro Fisiatry in the treatment of neurological in their rehabilitation action conditions and diagnosis.
• Values rehabilitation achieved through the use of the plastic arts, and national and international recognition of this new approach, as well as the design and promotion of new approaches of rehabilitation and of structures and instruments of games for these infants.
• Active links of infants or young people, affected or not with diseases of neurodevelopment, in a same rehabilitation therapy, leading to healthy concurrent sharing new concepts of recreation and social and group coexistence with infants under therapies.
• Work of the community in this endeavour, of the family in a direct way, where all concur in this important work, reaching a better quality of life, of the environmental actions reached, where premium education, care and protection of our habitat.
• Having a vision and missions clear in each procedure, as it is the method of rehabilitation and therapeutic that pits from a creative point of view, the ability to accept consensus with the speciality medical-cultural and even sports can contribute to the improvement of the working methods.Character of flexibility.
PASOLOGIA OF INSERTION OF THE PLASTIC ARTS IN THE DYNAMICS OF THE NEURODEVELOPMENTAL CLINIC:
Able to rely on human resource, that dominate this spectrum of actions, artists and team doctor qualified for this work of diagnosis and rehabilitation, as well as technical personnel of rehabilitation.
It find paths for the financing and sustainability of this activity, may not always find artists, creators to donate the means and resources necessary to undertake such human work, so it becomes trace your road map and vision.
The modalities proposed to begin a professional action of art therapy with the use of the plastic arts is the one below:
First category: therapies individual or protected;
Therapies that are planned with the use of the plastic arts, are useful to infants with or without neurodevelopment disorder, these actions of the arts are growth paths, possess approaches multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary, are transfers of knowledge, accompanied the Marines where go, allow access to the depths, by the graphics, compositions and use of colors that arise they conquer, evolve, they are spaces of expressions that are studied, are diagnosed, are its rhythms, their harmonies, the dream of the infant subject to therapy.
The work within the framework of workshops potentiates the therapeutic function and the diagnosis, these new spaces for children to provide new experiences personal care in the forms of presentation of these integral therapies must be observation, anxieties, concerns the adaptation of these infants, change, their hopes, their visions.
Since ancient times the art of painting, is open to exploration of forms, contents and sensations that are observations that children absorb eagerly, are his fantasies, these actions of individual or collective therapy workshops allow to build links of influences, they allow drawing, modeling clay or plastilinas, unite creative pieces with techniques never before used as mosaics , the use of paper mache, pen, the fusion of diverse as the crayola techniques, tempera, inks among others, invested in its function according to the expressive need of the child are links of Union, links with the reality, all this allows to do workshops, therapeutic space where is given permissions to the plastic creation, is are facilitators of the actionwhere materials combine and the creative potential of infants must find its cause.
While the current literature deals with the exposed theme of you dissimilar ways and forms, is the therapy protect the most important actions to undertake the project "esperanza", and where our main activities, with multisectoral consensus of the problem, have directed retaking all the recommendations of the Education Sector, culture and health.
For the implementation of this, must recommend spaces by way of individual pens or enabling the work of the artists plastics - psychologists, team many, few were available, to search similarities of times, carrying out the treatment to several cases at the same time. Diagnostics and directions is available per case of infants to treat, these actions they multiply the results and make productive major sections.
On the activity of evaluation of new cases entering the clinic, that were already treated by specialists, in its sections and realization of the corresponding Test, will be at the beginning of a new section, where is the entrance to the plastics artists to organize and plan their actions set the medical criteria.These meetings address among other aspects, the following:
• Study of each clinical history of minors, pathology, diagnostic specialists and recommendations.
• Joint study and explicit psychological diagnoses of each infant, here lie the true foundations of working with fine arts, because they carry the paths of activity to develop well on fine motor or thick, at levels of intelligence or enforceability, among others.
• Sociological, environmental and family characteristics of the minor - social integrity.
All these plans and agreed actions are fixed in created performance models, which we named history clinic Digital, watch plastic actions by working cycles, the approved methodological development and current, contained function to 8 cycles of action and which are presented in this material for our readers. Each plastic artist in the process of therapy consults these indications and executed as planned, as well as at the end of each section, they embody their observations of the development thereof, staying updated this medical history.
There are individualities in treatments or therapies for rehabilitation, here named for trustee or individual, these infants with severe disorders, therapies means, described access very private, in accordance with the recommendations of specialists, here, that a significant number of them, they are not passing immediately open therapies or socialization, among these diagnoses are described the syndromes of autism or Down, among others, although practiced therapies of socialization within the therapies of individual character, in laboratory or artificial planning frameworks.
In cases of atrophy muscle by neurodevelopmental problems, independent of the diagnosis doctor, have been tempering the methodology applied in the sport to this our specialty, apply for the rehabilitation of the Centre in specific cases of the hydrocephalus, disorder genetic - syndrome "X-fragile, among others and broadly consists of an approach to the rehabilitation of the muscles of the hand by using different and varied types of exercises"for own strengthening muscles in the region committed to the implementation of the art of painting, rehabilitating first thick motor and among which they cite:
• Kneading of types of balls
• Flexion and extension of the fingers with resistance or not.
• Coordination of the fingers separately (impulse of digits between if and rotation of the same)
• Rotation of the wrist (of prono bucket and bucket I delete), abduction of the wrist.
• Flexion and extension of the hand.- weight with or without East
• Rotations elbows.(Inward and outward)
• Strengthening the grip of the wrist, with or without weight - action towards the muscles of the forearm.
These actions as a whole, are conducive to treated infants, to arrive to the therapies of fine arts, with major corrections in their psychomotor, and maintains the line of rehabilitation, with our own development actions, among which are used, the use of pencil graphite, of small dimensions, 6-8 cm long, where start graphite drawings , with the use of time, compositions graphics to the role by sections of 15 minutes, using rhymes, inspiration for their work, making significant efforts in infants and young people subject to therapy to protect these sections reach the 60 minutes most tempered to indications medical and the case in specific. The results start them astonish, because these children want to achieve important paths, values of self-esteem and strengthening of their personalities to the rest of the participants in these therapies, are overcoming to themselves, their family and social environment. In cases such as Autism and Mental retardation, these processes are more careful and particular, transit even require the active presence, as well as the medical personnel - artists, their families, where the beginnings to the art of painting, must be executed by all the attendants to therapies, among other important actions, such as the decoration of the own pencils with children's motifs.
As you can see this modality to develop open therapies that were made during the year 2010, enabling the inclusion of students in this race in the actions of the community project "Hope", of great utility and teaching value is expected grow in a new form of therapy to the elderly, to begin in the middle of the year 2011, in SUM-Cárdenas set and project "esperanza".
He began to do so at the beginning of each open therapy, part of this new team to carry out exercises of warming-aimed at the joints of the body and they covered:
• Joint mobility exercises
• High impact exercises
• Stretching exercises
The impact on participants was listed in very positive, was an initiative of the pleasure of families and began to implement in the form of "Pintando on asphalt" or plan of the street, with greater participation of infants and young people cared or not in our therapy, this process enriched results and linkage of the project with the community.
Find new tools that can provide new ways of enriching the therapeutic work and diagnosis with the employment of the current science supports it has been and is one of the attributes of the community project "Hope". The emotional scribble or Garemok, is one of these valuable tools that describes some parameters of interpretation of expressions graphics of our kindergarten, which is also known as bases of the projections of the graphical creation, the importance of be able to enhance its use adapting it to new technology such as computer and pen-máuser horizons has been the object of this work to the Forum. This technique newly incorporated into the heritage project "Hope" can be synthesized in the following:
• doodles provide one function diagnosed and a therapeutic.
• Doodles are a reflection of the emotions. Interpretations vary widely, depending on the shape of the strokes, of its energy, the pressure that have been made, its dimension, location or what they represent.
• Doodles are primitive graphics and allow us to unravel emotions and mood eigenstates of the moment in which they were made, hide from the deepest joys to less controlled anxieties. We interpret not only its form but also the clarity or depth of the stroke, size, tilt, the direction and to its location in the paper or other media.
The inclusion of the new technology to already established is one of the achievements of the present material to the Forum and is the use of the pen-máuser via the computer, which is a first and little or nothing picks up the national bibliography as international. To propose new regulations, procedures and pasologia is the greatest achievement by their collective work.
Studies of the spellings of infants and young persons cared for in the consultation had the charge through the orderly and Pen-máuser, has brought new horizons to the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation, given the volume of qualitative and quantitative information that benefit both to psychology and to the families of the own infant, subject of our protected therapies.
The development of new neural fields from the infant adapts to observe what creates the display and not the previous way to as executed it, set and observe their creations from various angles, recreate your emotions and know its mood is a quality in the results achieved, and propose and show what progress has been made in this activity of diagnostic and therapeutic is our main objective.